Rangelands are considered as renewable natural resources if managed properly. The degradation of rangelands are mainly due to mismanagement such as overgrazing, early grazing, cultivation, and cutting for fire wood leading to wide spread deterioration of such fragile ecosystems in the MENA region, in which rangeland rehabilitation and restoration are considered priority. In the Arabian Peninsula, over 90% of rangelands are affected by mismanagement, and 44% is severely or very severely degraded. Moreover, irrigated forage production using low water use efficiency tropical grasses is causing water depletion and soil salinity. To stop and reverse the tight of deterioration, improved rangeland management using modern GIS and remote sensing tools combined with nature positive systems of irrigated forage and organic waste and crop residues processing to bridge the feed gap, particularly during the feed deficit period is a must. ICARDA and NARS partners in the region, developed rangeland and irrigated forage technologies for the MENA desert environments. Locally adapted Buffel grass and spineless cactus ecotypes are some of them. They are adapted to arid and desert environments. They are of multipurpose and high water use efficiency plant species with ability to grow in harsh environments. The need to improve utilization of crop residues and by-product received considerable attention in recent years